Your lawyer protects the legal side of the purchase

A REALTOR® helps you find, evaluate and negotiate the property. A lender arranges financing. Your real estate lawyer completes the legal transfer and makes sure the registered ownership and mortgage match the transaction you agreed to complete.

Choose the lawyer early enough to ask questions before the closing rush. Your lawyer should receive the accepted agreement and all amendments as soon as possible.

Before closing

The lawyer reviews the agreement, searches title, checks registered interests and prepares the documents required to transfer ownership. They also receive mortgage instructions from the lender and identify the funds you must provide.

For a condominium purchase, the status certificate is usually reviewed during the conditional period by a lawyer. That review may identify issues involving the declaration, rules, budget, reserve fund, insurance, litigation or special assessments.

Title insurance and ownership

Title insurance may protect against certain title defects, fraud, survey issues and other covered risks. It does not replace a home inspection and does not cover every property problem. Your lawyer can explain the specific policy and exclusions.

You will also confirm how title will be held. Couples, family members and investment partners should understand the consequences of joint tenancy and tenancy in common before signing.

Money and adjustments

Your lawyer prepares a statement showing the purchase price, deposit credit, mortgage funds, land transfer tax, legal costs and adjustments. Adjustments may reimburse the seller for prepaid property taxes, condominium fees or other items assigned under the agreement.

The lawyer will tell you how much money to provide and the acceptable method and deadline. Confirm transfer instructions directly with the law office using a trusted phone number. Real estate transactions are frequent targets for wire fraud.

Signing and closing day

You will sign transfer, mortgage and other closing documents before the transaction closes. On closing day, the lawyers exchange funds and documents electronically and register the transfer and mortgage. Keys or access information are released after registration and confirmation of closing.

Closing is a process, not a scheduled 9 a.m. key pickup. Keep the day flexible and avoid booking movers so tightly that a routine registration delay creates chaos.

Questions to ask

Ask what the estimate includes, when funds are due, what identification is required, whether signing is remote or in person and how keys will be released. For a rural, estate, investment or condominium purchase, ask whether additional searches or reviews are recommended.

Your next step

Need a local real estate lawyer? Ask Charlotte for the current referral list, then choose the professional who is the right fit for your transaction.

The purchase price is not the whole budget

The listing price gets most of the attention, but the expenses around the purchase can decide whether closing day feels organized or alarming. Before you offer, build a cash plan that separates your down payment from the other costs of buying.

The exact amount depends on the price, property type, location and financing. Many buyers use 1.5 to 4 percent of the purchase price as an initial planning range for closing costs, excluding the down payment. Your lawyer and mortgage professional can narrow that estimate once the property and mortgage are known.

Deposit and down payment

The deposit is delivered after the offer is accepted, according to the agreement. It demonstrates the buyer's commitment and is credited toward the purchase on closing. The balance of the down payment is normally provided to the lawyer before closing.

Because deposits move quickly, keep the funds accessible and be ready to document where they came from. Large transfers or recent gifts may require supporting records for the lender.

Ontario land transfer tax

Ontario land transfer tax is calculated using graduated rates based on the purchase price. Eligible first-time buyers may qualify for a refund of up to $4,000. Your lawyer will calculate the tax and apply any eligible refund as part of the closing process.

A buyer who has previously owned a home, including a home outside Canada, may not qualify. Couples should get advice when only one person is a first-time buyer because the ownership history and spousal rules can affect the refund.

Legal fees title insurance and disbursements

Your lawyer reviews the agreement, searches title, arranges title insurance, prepares registration documents, coordinates funds and registers the transfer and mortgage. The final invoice normally includes professional fees, title insurance, registration charges and other disbursements.

Ask for an estimate early, then leave a buffer. The final amount can change with the property, lender instructions and closing adjustments.

Mortgage related costs

Some lenders require an appraisal. The lender may cover it, or the buyer may pay it. Buyers with less than 20 percent down will generally require mortgage default insurance. The premium is usually added to the mortgage, while applicable provincial tax on the premium is paid in cash at closing.

A mortgage pre-approval itself is commonly free. Be cautious about treating every possible lender or broker charge as a standard expense. Your disclosure documents should identify any fee that applies to your specific mortgage.

Inspection adjustments and moving expenses

A home inspection can reveal defects and future maintenance needs before conditions are waived. Specialized inspections for septic systems, wells, pools, fireplaces or sewers may be appropriate for certain properties.

Closing adjustments reimburse the seller for prepaid expenses that benefit the buyer after closing, such as property taxes or some condominium charges. Then there are practical expenses: movers, utility setup, new locks, insurance and the repairs or purchases that appear during the first few weeks.

A sample cash plan

For a $650,000 purchase, start by calculating the required down payment and deposit. Then add land transfer tax after any eligible refund, the lawyer's estimate, inspection costs, any appraisal, moving expenses and a contingency amount. Do not rely on one blanket percentage when an actual worksheet can give you a much clearer answer.

We can prepare a personalized estimate before you shop so you know how much must remain available after the down payment.

Your next step

Request a buyer closing-cost review with Charlotte Ferguson, REALTOR® and Mortgage Agent Level 2. Bring your target price and available savings, and we will map the numbers before an offer makes the timeline considerably less relaxed.

Visit mortgagewithchar.com to begin.

You've saved your down payment.

Excellent.

Now let's talk about the other money.

One of the biggest surprises for first-time buyers is discovering that buying a home comes with expenses beyond the down payment and monthly mortgage payment.

None of this means buying a home is a bad idea. It simply means your budget should include the whole purchase, not just the part that gets most of the attention.

Your Deposit and Down Payment Aren't Necessarily the Same Thing

This causes confusion for many first-time buyers.

The deposit is submitted in connection with your Agreement of Purchase and Sale and ultimately forms part of the money you contribute toward the purchase.

Your total down payment may be considerably larger.

Understanding when funds are required is important because real estate transactions involve actual deadlines, not "I'll transfer it sometime next week" deadlines.

Legal Fees

You'll need a real estate lawyer to complete your purchase.

Ask for an estimate ahead of time and find out what is included so you can incorporate the expected legal costs and disbursements into your budget.

Land Transfer Tax

Ontario buyers may have land transfer tax payable on their purchase.

Eligible first-time buyers may qualify for available rebates, but you should still understand how the calculation applies to your specific purchase rather than assuming there will be no cost.

Adjustments on Closing

Your lawyer may also calculate adjustments for expenses the seller has already paid.

For example, if property taxes have been paid beyond the closing date, your portion may be adjusted on closing.

Moving Costs

Even the DIY version of moving costs money.

Truck rental. Boxes. Packing materials. Pizza for everyone who was foolish enough to answer your text that morning.

If you're hiring professional movers, get quotes early.

Insurance

You'll need to arrange appropriate home insurance, and your lender will typically require confirmation of coverage before advancing mortgage funds.

Don't leave this until the night before closing.

Utility and Service Costs

Depending on the property, you may have costs associated with setting up or transferring utilities and services.

Once you own the home, you'll also need room in your monthly budget for electricity, gas, water, internet and other household expenses applicable to the property.

Immediate Home Expenses

Here's the sneaky category.

You move in and suddenly discover you need:

• curtains

• garbage cans

• a lawn mower

• a ladder

• shelving

• snow shovels

• basic tools

• approximately 47 other things nobody mentioned

You don't need to buy everything on Day One.

But having a small post-closing cushion makes those first few months much more comfortable.

Condo Buyers Have Another Number to Consider

If you're buying a condominium, monthly condominium fees become part of your ongoing housing costs.

You should also understand what those fees include, review the status certificate and consider how the condo's financial position may affect you as an owner.

The Goal Isn't to Scare You

It's actually the opposite.

Buying your first home feels much less intimidating when you know what to expect.

Before we start touring homes, I want my buyers to understand their realistic purchasing budget, expected closing costs and what homeownership may look like after they get the keys.

Because qualifying to buy a home and being comfortable owning that home are two different things.

And we're aiming for both.

Charlotte Ferguson, REALTOR®
Finding Home With Charlotte